The agency said it would begin the redistribution immediately with about $210 million annually, but that the amount would steadily increase over five years to about $1.1 billion a year.
The federal medical-research agency, which has an annual budget of just over $34 billion, said it is taking the steps to encourage younger researchers to stay in science and in the U.S.
The Trump administration has said it is seeking to cut the NIH budget by more than 20%, although leading congressional members of both parties have said they plan to fight for increases, not cuts, to the NIH budget.
“We are going to do this immediately,” said Lawrence A. Tabak, the NIH’s principal deputy director, at a meeting Thursday of advisers to Dr. Collins.
Over about the last 10 years, according to NIH data, the percentage of early-stage researchers 45 years-old and under, and of mid-stage scientists 46 to 60 who receive NIH grants has fallen.
The percentage rate of funding for older investigators, meanwhile, has increased. The agency said these rates are “not solely due to baby boom demographics,” a reference to the population bulge in the older generation.
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